How to use these cases: Each case presents a clinical scenario followed by questions and expert commentary. Work through the questions before revealing the discussion. CME credit is available for completed cases.
The Febrile Term Neonate: When to Worry
EOSA 16-hour-old term infant develops a temperature of 38.4°C. Mother had prolonged rupture of membranes but was GBS-negative. Navigate the diagnostic workup and initial management decisions.
Start Case →CoNS Bacteraemia: To Treat or Not to Treat?
LOSA 28-week preterm infant on day 14 of life has a single blood culture growing coagulase-negative staphylococci. CRP is mildly elevated. Decide: contamination or true infection?
Start Case →Invasive Candidiasis in the ELBW Infant
FungalA 24-week infant on broad-spectrum antibiotics deteriorates on day 21. Blood culture grows Candida albicans. Manage the workup for disseminated disease and choose an antifungal strategy.
Start Case →Optimising Antibiotic Duration: The 48-Hour Review
AMSThree neonates started on empiric antibiotics 48 hours ago with negative cultures so far. Apply the NSS guideline framework to decide: stop, continue, or narrow therapy in each case.
Start Case →GBS Meningitis: A Medical Emergency
EOSA 3-day-old infant presents with seizures and a bulging fontanelle. CSF confirms GBS meningitis. Navigate the acute management, imaging decisions, and long-term follow-up planning.
Start Case →Sepsis in a Low-Resource NICU: Making Decisions with Limited Diagnostics
LOSA 30-week neonate in a district hospital with no blood culture capability develops signs suggestive of sepsis. Apply clinical scoring systems and available point-of-care tests to guide management.
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